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Advantages of half cell panels design:

1.Lower package loss

    As mentioned above, because the internal current and line resistance are reduced, the internal loss consumed in the internal circuit is reduced. The power loss is proportional to the current. Half of the current and a quarter of the resistance can reduce the power loss of the half chip assembly by four times, and the corresponding output power and power generation are increased.

    At the same time, due to the reduction of internal loss, the working temperature of the module and junction box also decreases. Under the outdoor working condition of the module, the temperature of the half module is about 1.6 ℃ lower than that of the conventional whole module. The lower temperature makes the module have higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.Even if two parts are not connected in parallel, but all half cells are connected to work like standard solar panels, the current is only half, but the resistance is the same, and the power consumption is only 1/4.Shadow tolerance reduces the risk of hot spots.Half panel is better than standard solar module to resist the influence of shadow.

   The half chip module does not have three panel battery strings as the standard module does, but has six battery strings, making it a six string battery panel. Although a small part of the shadows (leaves, bird droppings, etc.) on the components will make the entire battery string invalid, because of the design of the bypass diode (red mark in the figure below), this string will not affect other battery strings, reducing the impact of shadows.

    Six independent battery strings have three bypass diodes, providing better local shadow tolerance. Even if one half of the component is shadowed, the other half still works.

2.Low current reduces hot spot temperature

Half cell can distribute internal current in the system and improve its performance, life and shadow resistance.

    When a cell of a battery string in the module is shielded, the cell will form a hot spot in the circuit, and the continuous high temperature may damage the module. Since the number of battery strings in the half chip module is twice that of the original, which means that the heat at the hot spot is only half, and the lower heat causes less damage to the module, it can improve the resistance to hot spot damage and improve the service life of the module- Shadow tolerance reduces power loss.

    In a photovoltaic array, many modules are connected in series and then connected in parallel with other sub modules. The current flows into and out of each module in series in the same sub string.

    For the traditional module board design, once the power loss of a certain component occurs due to various reasons of shadow, it will affect all components of the sub string. In the half chip component in the above figure, the bypass diode limits the power loss of the shaded part rather than the whole component. It creates an alternative path for the current to flow in the unshaded part, and avoids the current passing through the shaded part, reducing the impact of shadows and improving its performance.

3. The future of half chip technology

   The use of half cell can provide great advantages and improve performance under shadow conditions, which is of great significance for the overall photovoltaic power generation of buildings vulnerable to other building obstacles.

    Half cell battery can increase the power generation, but its system design is similar to the whole cell module, without increasing the installation cost, ensuring lower LCOE. The improvement of laser cutting technology makes the cutting defects of half cell almost negligible.

    With the popularization of large components and large silicon chips, the trend of half or even three pieces is becoming more and more obvious. It is estimated by relevant industry institutions that the market share of half chip components is expected to exceed 50% in the next three years.